Angular is an MVC (Model View Controller) framework for Front End Web Development, developed in Typescript, open source and maintained by Google, which allows you to create SPA applications (Single-Page Applications).
Framework built on React that enables functionality such as server-side rendering and generating static websites. Next allows developers to quickly create static and dynamic JAMstack websites and is used widely by many large companies.
It allows developing web applications in a more orderly way and with less code than using pure Javascript (vanilla) or libraries such as jQuery focused on DOM manipulation. It allows views to be associated with data, so that if the data changes, so do the views.
Name to refer to using JavaScript without any additional libraries like jQuery, React, Angular, Vue, Svelte, etc. People use it to demostrate other developers the things can be done nowadays without the need for additional JavaScript libraries.